Extremely flexible and simple model of 3 lumbar vertebrae (L3-4-5)

Anatomically, the model shows the 3 lower lumbar vertebrae, which are also referred to as L3, L4 and L5. Therefore, the model shows the two most important joint types in the spinal column, which are the symphyses (disci/band discs) between the vertebral bodies and the facet joints, which are sliding joints between the vertebrae's pivots. Overall, the bone quality is very good, and therefore, for example, knots and depressions in the bone tissue are clearly visible.

In terms of movement, the model is extremely flexible because the elastic string can be loosened so that the vertebrae can be moved. Generally speaking, the mobility of the human spine is great in the lumbar region (which is lordotic). This model can be used to demonstrate the most important movements of the lower back, which are flexion-extension, lateral flexion and rotation. However, it must be emphasized that a flexible model of the spine with many more vertebrae is better for certain movements naturally.

Clinically, this model is ideal for understanding spondylolisthesis due to its flexibility. It is also ideal for understanding disorders such as scoliosis, spondylosis, osteoarthritis and fractures.



Finally, the model can also be used to understand disorders such as disc herniation, spinal stenosis and back pain.